What are volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are indeed organic chemicals that can evaporate into the air, contributing to air pollution. They are a diverse group of carbon-containing chemicals that easily enter the atmosphere due to their high vapor pressure. This means they can evaporate at room temperature, which is a significant characteristic that defines them.

VOCs are commonly found in many products, such as paints, solvents, fuels, and cleaning agents, and when released into the environment, they can have harmful effects on air quality and contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone and smog. The second option accurately captures the essence of what VOCs are and their relevance in atmospheric chemistry.

The other choices do not accurately describe VOCs. For instance, solid particles suspended in the air refer to particulate matter, while inert gases pertain to non-reactive gases not typically associated with pollution control of VOCs. Similarly, the statement about chemicals only affecting water quality does not align with the properties and impacts of VOCs, which are primarily associated with air quality issues.