What role do terrain features play in atmospheric dispersion?

Terrain features significantly influence the movement and distribution of air, which directly impacts atmospheric dispersion. When considering how pollutants disperse in the atmosphere, features such as mountains, hills, valleys, and even urban structures can alter wind patterns.

Ridges and hills can block airflow, creating areas of stagnation where pollutants may accumulate instead of dispersing. Conversely, valleys can funnel wind, potentially increasing the speed of airflow in certain areas, which can enhance dispersion in those zones while limiting it in others. This dynamic interaction underscores the importance of terrain in shaping local wind patterns and, in turn, the behavior of airborne pollutants.

In comparison, while some terrain may have minor effects on odor perception or temperature variations, these factors do not encompass the broader implications of how terrain influences airflow and pollutant movement. Recognizing the terrain's role in modifying airflow is crucial for accurate assessments and predictions in atmospheric dispersion modeling.